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Paper 17 — The Physical Boundary Condition at r=0 for the Black Circle

Giovanni Levratti
Independent Researcher, Modena, Italy • ORCID 0009-0000-9804-3452
Series: Zero-Divisors in Cayley–Dickson Algebras — Paper 17
Version: v1 • Year: 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20555042

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Abstract

This paper determines the physical boundary condition at r=0 for the Black Circle quasi-normal mode problem for l≥1, left open by Paper 16.

Three candidates are analysed: (c) norm conservation via the IIB-II conjecture — the oscillating cross-term 2Re(C₁C̄₂·r^{2iδ_l}) forces C₁C₂=0; (b) Hartle–Hawking condition — outgoing Klein–Gordon flux J^r(χ₂)|_{r→0} = +2δ_l requires C₂=0; (a) global dS₄ regularity — the homogeneous contributions φ_j^hom ~ r^{-1/2} are singular at r=0, forcing C₁=C₂=0. The hierarchy (a)⊂(b)⊂(c) is established.

The QNM condition of Paper 16 is corrected by the addition of the particular-solution coefficient A_part. Under Candidate (a), the first l=1 QNM spectrum is derived: a damped mode ω*=1.2979−0.0076i (τ=131 r_s/c) and a growing mode ω*=1.6449+0.7372i (τ=1.357 r_s/c), quasi-universal with the l=0 growing mode to 0.33%.

The exact threshold m²_thr=0.4605600022 is established (OP 17.3). All Paper 13 l≥1 QNM values are identified as extraction artifacts under Candidate (a). Candidates (a) and (b) give distinguishable predictions differing by more than 3 units in Re(ω), constituting the first experimentally falsifiable prediction of the series.

How to Cite
@misc{levratti2026physbc,
  author    = {Levratti, Giovanni},
  title     = {The Physical Boundary Condition at r=0 for the Black Circle},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.20555042},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20555042},
  note      = {Paper 17 in the series Zero-Divisors
               in Cayley--Dickson Algebras, v1}
}