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Paper 22b — Fano Incidence and the Level-3 Tripling

Giovanni Levratti
Independent Researcher, Modena, Italy • ORCID 0009-0000-9804-3452
Series: Zero-Divisors in Cayley–Dickson Algebras — Paper 22b
Version: v1 • Year: 2026
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20648207

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Abstract

The zero-divisor pair graph ZD*(A₄) of the sedenion algebra carries a 84×84 adjacency matrix A whose spectrum consists of five eigenvalues {-4, -2, 0, +2, +4} with multiplicities {7, 14, 42, 14, 7}. The multiplicity-42 eigenspace (Level-3) is exactly three times the multiplicity-14 eigenspace (Level-2).

This paper gives the algebraic origin of that factor of 3: the Fano plane decomposes ZD*(A₄) into seven Fano blocks B₁,…,B₇, and each block contributes one copy of the Level-2 PSL(2,7)-module to Level-3, forcing the isomorphism Level-3 ≅ 3·Level-2 as PSL(2,7)-representations.

A unified analysis of the four occurrences of the factor 3 in the series shows that all three internal occurrences (orbit structure of Aut(A₄), spinorial sector tension, Level-3 tripling) share this common Fano-incidence origin, while the Furey–Cl(6) occurrence is independent.

As a structural corollary, verified by GAP 4.15.1: the automorphism group G₈₄ of ZD*(A₄) has order 2688 and PSL(2,7) is not a subgroup of G₈₄ in its action on the 84 vertices, though it acts on the lo₃-classes via Aut(A₄).

How to Cite
@misc{levratti2026fanoincidence,
  author    = {Levratti, Giovanni},
  title     = {Fano Incidence and the Level-3 Tripling},
  year      = {2026},
  publisher = {Zenodo},
  doi       = {10.5281/zenodo.20648207},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20648207},
  note      = {Paper 22b in the series Zero-Divisors
               in Cayley--Dickson Algebras, v1}
}